Karavansara

East of Constantinople, West of Shanghai


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The return of Armless O’Neil

InterludeAccording to his obituary

Mr. [Dan] Cushman wrote books set in the South Pacific, the Congo and the Yukon, and he drew on his colorful life for much of his fiction. He worked as a cowboy, a printer, a prospector, a geologist’s assistant, an advertising writer and a radio announcer.

One of Dan Cushman characters was called Armless O’Neil, and was a guy with a hook for a hand, that plied his trade – as mercenary and an adventurer – in Dark Africa. Continue reading


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The governor that was not there – Ma Bufang

ma bufangWhile stranded in Sinin, Peter Fleming and Ella Maillart try to meet governor Ma Bufang (or Ma Bu-Fang in Fleming’s book), as they seek official authorization to proceed along their route.

We already know from his Ma that the man is a Muslim (Ma being the shortening of “Muhammad”), and a member of the powerful “Ma Clique”.
Members of the Ma extended family/clan had been de facto governors of northwestern China under the Qing dynasty and had become warlords between 1918 and 1928, holding sway in the provinces of Qinghai, Gansu and Ningxia.
The Ma Clique was composed of three families, so that they were often known as Xibei San Ma, as to say, the Three Ma of the Northwest.
At the time of Peter and Ella’s travel, the three families were led by Ma Hongbin, Ma Hongkui and Ma Bufang.

Due to various misadventures, Peter and Ella will never meet Ma Bufang

who is by all accounts a tough and energetic autocrat.

Indeed, Ma Bufang demonstrated by his actions his skill, toughness and political ability to shift from one role to the other.

Ma Bufang had trained as an imam – his brother Ma Buqing being the one destined to a military career – but at the age of nineteen he joined the troops.
Rising to prominence through a series of feuds and backstabbings, Ma Bufang demonstrated his battle prowness and ruthlessness in 1932, participating iun the defeat of the Tibetan troops as they tried to invade and take control of the Qinghai province.
Later, sponsored by the Kuomintang, Ma Bufang led seven extermination campaigns against the Ngolok tribes – traditionally considered a people whose only activity was banditry, and were supposedly aligned with the Communist party. Ma Bufang’s actions against the Ngolok have all the markings of an ethnic/religious genocide.

In 1937, Ma Bufang refused to side with the Japanese army, and in fact later fought against the Japanese in the early 1940s.
From a strictly political point of view, Ma Bufang was what might be called an illuminated tyrant – promoting reforestation, granting extended rights to women.
Boasting an army of 50.000 elite fighters (belonging to various northwestern ethnicities), Ma Bufang held his position as governor of the northwest during the Chinese revolution and only in 1949 he was forced to leave China and relocate to Saudi Arabia.

Ma Bufang was also close to the Panchen Lama, a character that we – together with Peter and Ella – will meet in a while.
But as things stand now, it looks like the long stay in Sining is about to end, and the road beckons.


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Writing ghosts

I’m writing a ghost story.
You know I like the genre, and I think it’s a pity there are not more opportunities for writing spooky tales.
Contrary to my usual line, it’s a pro bono effort – for an anthology that will raise funds to help the children.
This is, to me, a good reason to give away my work for free.

christmas-ghost

Being a pro bono effort, it will have to be fitted between paying jobs – which is the reason why I’m working on it on the weekend and the reason why this is the only update for Karavansara today.
I’ve got a stack of books to read, I’ve got posts to write, but this takes precedence.

The story will be called The day we played at Middle Ages, and is shaping up nicely.
As soon as it’s out, I’ll be happy to spread the news, because it is for a good cause.